It was in the 1960s-1970s that modern orthopedics took birth, especially after the contributions of Hugh Owen Thomas. Finally, intramedullary fixations were being done without opening up the fracture. This technology was popularized by the Harborview Medical Center in the Seattle group in the late 1970s.
Modern hip and joint replacement
The next big step in the evolution of orthopedics was joints and hip replacement which took place in the year 1960 by Sir John Charnley, an expert in tribology at Wrightington Hospital in England. He was the one who pioneered this procedure by conceiving that joint surfaces could be replaced with inserts made of inert high quality acrylic plastics. These implants were stuck to the bone surfaces with appropriate cements. His design for the hip joint consisted of a stainless-steel ball on a long stem to be inserted into the femur and an acrylic acetabular implant stuck to the acetabulum.
This prosthesis design was so successful that this and its derivatives were used popularly for over two decades, and the procedure was such a celebrated success that it became the model for all later joint replacements. This procedure found continual improvement both in design and procedure with many making significant contributions.
Exeter hip replacement system evolved in the same period. In this method, the stem of the ball had slightly different geometry. A father son duo, Dr. R.I. Harris and W.H. Harris at Harvard, developed and popularized uncemented arthroplasty or joint replacement. The implants were bonded to the bones directly.
Knee replacement
The next development was the knee replacement. Dr. McIntosh used the same techniques to replace the knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Later, Doctors Gunston and Marmor in the 1970s started to replace the knee joint for osteoarthritis patients using a joint design developed by Dr. John Instal in New York using a fixed bearing. This evidently had limitation on the range of movement of the joint. This was overcome by using a mobile bearing system by Doctors Frederick Buechel and Michael Pappas.
Fractures
The next great innovation originated in Germany when Dr. Gerhard Kuntscher introduced the intramedullary rods to fix fractures of femur and tibia in the 1960s. This quickened the recovery of these fractures considerably. Again, it took World War II to push this innovation to the world stage. Traction, however, continued as the standard treatment for these were not used till the 1970s.
In the last 30-40 odd years, modern orthopedic research has sought to make orthopedic surgeries less invasive and to make the components implanted in the body durable and better.
-
How You Can Maximize Your Savings with Toothpaste Coupons
Read moreCouponing is an art that needs a lot of practice. Collecting them is not a problem; however, using them the right way is what is going to make all the difference to your savings. When you understand how to use coupons you can save a lot of money and enjoy quality products too.
A toothpaste is something that every single person needs. It is an essential item that must be there in every household. Coupons can be quite beneficial for saving and getting discounts on toothpaste. With the help of toothpaste coupons, you can save quite a few dollars on your favorite brand of toothpaste. If you do not mind using any brand, it is likely that you will save more.
Where can you find coupons online?
Most stores offer different coupons on their website and stores. Hence, you must check them out separately. Here is a list of websites that offer you toothpaste coupons.
Walgreens
This website has the most number of toothpaste coupons. It has 146 toothpaste coupons! There are coupons of about $1.50 available on Tom’s of Maine Antiplaque and Whitening Peppermint Toothpaste. It has coupons for a wide range of toothpaste. Some of these brands include ACT, Colgate, Crest, and Aquafresh.
The Krazy Coupon Lady
This website offers coupons that are updated on an hourly basis. There are chances you will find your toothpaste coupons here. At present, there is about $1.00 off on Colgate Optic White Toothpaste via the app. Another coupon can be found on Colgate Enamel Health Toothpaste 3 oz or larger.
Target
This is one website where you can find all types of items that you need. There are coupons for a large number of products. This website has a manufacturer coupon of about $0.50 on any Colgate Toothpaste that is 3 oz or larger. You can easily redeem this offer at any Target outlet and save on Colgate toothpaste.
Colgate Total
This is the official website of Colgate. It offers you coupons worth $7 when you sign up. This can help you save quite some money with the help of coupons! If you use Colgate toothpaste then you should definitely visit this website for coupons.
Other websites that you can consider are Walmart, Coupons, Amazon, Winn Dixie, Coupon Mom, Sensodyne, PG Everyday, and H.E.B. Remember that deals are updated regularly so you should keep checking websites for the latest toothpaste coupon deals.
Some tips to help you with couponing
You can use the following tips to help you with couponing:
– To maximize your savings, use a coupon during a sale. This gives you a double discount on the product you are buying and leads to bigger savings overall.
– Don’t buy an item just because you have a coupon with you. Having a coupon does not mean you must use it. If the lowered price is close to the actual price, it is not worth it.
– You should be organized for better use of coupons. Sort them out according to their expiration dates. This will enable you to be in control of when to use a coupon.
– Not everyone uses coupons. Ask your family members, relatives or friends if they have coupons. It might be helpful as you might save a few extra bucks.
– Be aware that coupons are available from many sources. You can get coupons from store’s flyers too. Constantly collect coupons if you truly are looking for huge discounts.
– Print online coupons only when you require. Don’t print out as many as you find to end up throwing them in the trash in the end.If you are short of money, then do not become brand specific. If you are getting discounts on other brands then just buy those items. This will help you save and still have a product.
Use toothpaste coupons and save more money!
-
Getting a closer look at health insurance policy
Read moreWhile many of us strive to put aside some small portion of our earnings into a savings account or investment of some kind, a portion of financial planning that we tend to neglect is an insurance policy. Often, it might seem like a waste of money to pay out a premium year on year towards something that you do not immediately see the benefit of. However, obtaining several life insurance quotes and deciding on a suitable life insurance policy is essential for many reasons.
While life insurance is not about assigning a monetary value to someone’s life but life insurance planning can provide some degree of financial support to one’s family in the event of one’s sudden demise.
It is important to understand that more than being an investment that yields tangible returns on investments, life insurance must be understood as a risk management tool and must be treated as such. There are several plans that combine life insurance with mutual fund investments but these may be considered as a separate entity.
While the higher end life insurance premiums are surely expensive, you would find that opting even for a basic life insurance plan would not make a significant dent in your income, but would return considerably high death benefits to your beneficiaries. An added benefit to most life insurance policies is that they provide some degree of tax deductibility up to exempted levels.
Also, while there are any number of options available to get a life insurance quote online, including no exam quotes, it is always better to meet your insurance agent in person, and request his or her guidance in walking you through the nitty gritty of the policy you wish to take so that you are fully aware of what the specific policy covers and what your family or beneficiaries are entitled to receiving. You can always compare different life insurance policies and also check for life insurance no medical exam policies.