The birth of modern orthopedics
The birth of modern orthopedics

It was in the 1960s-1970s that modern orthopedics took birth, especially after the contributions of Hugh Owen Thomas. Finally, intramedullary fixations were being done without opening up the fracture. This technology was popularized by the Harborview Medical Center in the Seattle group in the late 1970s.

Modern hip and joint replacement
The next big step in the evolution of orthopedics was joints and hip replacement which took place in the year 1960 by Sir John Charnley, an expert in tribology at Wrightington Hospital in England. He was the one who pioneered this procedure by conceiving that joint surfaces could be replaced with inserts made of inert high quality acrylic plastics. These implants were stuck to the bone surfaces with appropriate cements. His design for the hip joint consisted of a stainless-steel ball on a long stem to be inserted into the femur and an acrylic acetabular implant stuck to the acetabulum.

This prosthesis design was so successful that this and its derivatives were used popularly for over two decades, and the procedure was such a celebrated success that it became the model for all later joint replacements. This procedure found continual improvement both in design and procedure with many making significant contributions.

Exeter hip replacement system evolved in the same period. In this method, the stem of the ball had slightly different geometry. A father son duo, Dr. R.I. Harris and W.H. Harris at Harvard, developed and popularized uncemented arthroplasty or joint replacement. The implants were bonded to the bones directly.

Knee replacement
The next development was the knee replacement. Dr. McIntosh used the same techniques to replace the knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Later, Doctors Gunston and Marmor in the 1970s started to replace the knee joint for osteoarthritis patients using a joint design developed by Dr. John Instal in New York using a fixed bearing. This evidently had limitation on the range of movement of the joint. This was overcome by using a mobile bearing system by Doctors Frederick Buechel and Michael Pappas.

Fractures
The next great innovation originated in Germany when Dr. Gerhard Kuntscher introduced the intramedullary rods to fix fractures of femur and tibia in the 1960s. This quickened the recovery of these fractures considerably. Again, it took World War II to push this innovation to the world stage. Traction, however, continued as the standard treatment for these were not used till the 1970s.

In the last 30-40 odd years, modern orthopedic research has sought to make orthopedic surgeries less invasive and to make the components implanted in the body durable and better.

  • How You Can Maximize Your Savings with Toothpaste Coupons

    Couponing is an art that needs a lot of practice. Collecting them is not a problem; however, using them the right way is what is going to make all the difference to your savings. When you understand how to use coupons you can save a lot of money and enjoy quality products too.

    A toothpaste is something that every single person needs. It is an essential item that must be there in every household. Coupons can be quite beneficial for saving and getting discounts on toothpaste. With the help of toothpaste coupons, you can save quite a few dollars on your favorite brand of toothpaste. If you do not mind using any brand, it is likely that you will save more.

    Where can you find coupons online?

    Most stores offer different coupons on their website and stores. Hence, you must check them out separately. Here is a list of websites that offer you toothpaste coupons.

    Walgreens

    This website has the most number of toothpaste coupons. It has 146 toothpaste coupons! There are coupons of about $1.50 available on Tom’s of Maine Antiplaque and Whitening Peppermint Toothpaste. It has coupons for a wide range of toothpaste. Some of these brands include ACT, Colgate, Crest, and Aquafresh.

    The Krazy Coupon Lady

    This website offers coupons that are updated on an hourly basis. There are chances you will find your toothpaste coupons here. At present, there is about $1.00 off on Colgate Optic White Toothpaste via the app. Another coupon can be found on Colgate Enamel Health Toothpaste 3 oz or larger.

    Target

    This is one website where you can find all types of items that you need. There are coupons for a large number of products. This website has a manufacturer coupon of about $0.50 on any Colgate Toothpaste that is 3 oz or larger. You can easily redeem this offer at any Target outlet and save on Colgate toothpaste.

    Colgate Total

    This is the official website of Colgate. It offers you coupons worth $7 when you sign up. This can help you save quite some money with the help of coupons! If you use Colgate toothpaste then you should definitely visit this website for coupons.

    Other websites that you can consider are Walmart, Coupons, Amazon, Winn Dixie, Coupon Mom, Sensodyne, PG Everyday, and H.E.B. Remember that deals are updated regularly so you should keep checking websites for the latest toothpaste coupon deals.

    Some tips to help you with couponing

    You can use the following tips to help you with couponing:

    – To maximize your savings, use a coupon during a sale. This gives you a double discount on the product you are buying and leads to bigger savings overall.
    – Don’t buy an item just because you have a coupon with you. Having a coupon does not mean you must use it. If the lowered price is close to the actual price, it is not worth it.
    – You should be organized for better use of coupons. Sort them out according to their expiration dates. This will enable you to be in control of when to use a coupon.
    – Not everyone uses coupons. Ask your family members, relatives or friends if they have coupons. It might be helpful as you might save a few extra bucks.
    – Be aware that coupons are available from many sources. You can get coupons from store’s flyers too. Constantly collect coupons if you truly are looking for huge discounts.
    – Print online coupons only when you require. Don’t print out as many as you find to end up throwing them in the trash in the end.

    If you are short of money, then do not become brand specific. If you are getting discounts on other brands then just buy those items. This will help you save and still have a product.

    Use toothpaste coupons and save more money!

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  • Getting a closer look at health insurance policy

    While many of us strive to put aside some small portion of our earnings into a savings account or investment of some kind, a portion of financial planning that we tend to neglect is an insurance policy. Often, it might seem like a waste of money to pay out a premium year on year towards something that you do not immediately see the benefit of. However, obtaining several life insurance quotes and deciding on a suitable life insurance policy is essential for many reasons.

    While life insurance is not about assigning a monetary value to someone’s life but life insurance planning can provide some degree of financial support to one’s family in the event of one’s sudden demise.

    It is important to understand that more than being an investment that yields tangible returns on investments, life insurance must be understood as a risk management tool and must be treated as such. There are several plans that combine life insurance with mutual fund investments but these may be considered as a separate entity.

    While the higher end life insurance premiums are surely expensive, you would find that opting even for a basic life insurance plan would not make a significant dent in your income, but would return considerably high death benefits to your beneficiaries. An added benefit to most life insurance policies is that they provide some degree of tax deductibility up to exempted levels.

    Also, while there are any number of options available to get a life insurance quote online, including no exam quotes, it is always better to meet your insurance agent in person, and request his or her guidance in walking you through the nitty gritty of the policy you wish to take so that you are fully aware of what the specific policy covers and what your family or beneficiaries are entitled to receiving. You can always compare different life insurance policies and also check for life insurance no medical exam policies.

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  • SIM-free smartphones for preferred network carriers and plans

    In some parts of the world, mobile phones are sold with a built-in SIM. Thus, a particular network carrier would be attached to these mobiles. The plans for calls, data, and monthly charges would be such that the cost of the phone and its usage would be paid by the customer in monthly installments. Most plans for such locked phones would be postpaid; therefore, there would be a lot of documentation and commitment to the particular network provider that would be involved while taking the connection and buying the phone.

    There are heavy penalties if the connection is terminated to get back the cost of the phone. Similarly, it would not be possible to switch to any other network in the midst of an ongoing long-term plan.

    Therefore, most of the people would prefer sim-free mobile phones. These phones would be unlocked, and the user would be free to use any sim card of his/her choice on the phone. The user can choose a prepaid or postpaid plan according to his/her convenience. Similarly, switching to some other network carrier and using two different sim cards from two different carriers through dual sim phone would be easily possible with this option.

    • iPhone 8 64 GB
      This phone is one of the most admired sim-free options owing to the quality of graphics, features and looks. Owning the latest model of iPhone, there has been a status symbol around the world for many years now. The specifications include a hexa-core Apple A11 Bionic processor, 2 GB RAM, 64 GB internal storage, dual camera with a 12-megapixel primary and 7-megapixel secondary camera in the front for selfies.
    • Moto G5 Plus
      This is part of another excellent range of sim-free mobile phones made by Motorola. This comes with a 5.2-inch display, 32 GB internal storage, the best 12-megapixel camera, and attractive colors such as golden and lunar grey. It comes with connectivity options such as GSM, 3G, and 4G LTE. This phone operates on the Android 7.0 Nougat system and would provide an ultimate smartphone experience at affordable price.
    • Sony Xperia XA 1
      This is another exciting sim-free mobile phone made by a leading name in the electronics industry. This phone has a 5-inch display, octa-core processor for faster processing speed, 8-megapixel front camera, 3 GB RAM, Android 7 operating system, 32 GB internal storage, and a 23-megapixel rear camera.

    Thus, wide varieties of sim-free mobile phones are available from various brands and different configurations. Aspirant buyers can choose the one that suits their requirements and budget and the appearance that appeals them the most.

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  • Guidelines to buy the right fitness tracker for your needs

    The market is flooded with options and models for those of us looking to buy a fitness tracker. While the earlier trackers tracked only steps and sleeping patterns, the newer versions come with features like GPS, heart rate monitors, sensors, and smartphone notifications to keep track of your fitness on a constant basis. So, if you are looking for the right fitness tracker to suit your needs, check out a few pointers that can help you in your search.

    Wearable design
    The earlier versions of fitness and activity trackers had to be wrapped around the wrist. If you prefer an alternate option, you will find the newer versions of these devices, which come in sleeker designs, including dongles, or clips that can be worn on your clothing or pendants that can be worn around your neck. You can also choose from a wide variety of colors and features like waterproofing, with some fitness trackers taking the appearance of an ordinary watch as well.

    Display
    Opt for a fitness tracker that comes with a built-in display to show the time as well as your fitness goals, without necessarily opening an app. This is an added plus in case you opt for a tracker that gives you notifications on when, where, and how to work out. Though a fitness tracker with a built-in display may rake up some extra cash, it is a worthy investment, if you are serious about investing in a tracker that you can use for a long term.

    Interpretation of heart rate
    Different fitness trackers track and interpret heart rate in different ways. While some measure heart rate on a 24/7 basis and give a note of the resting heart rate after the wearer wakes up, some trackers come with a 24/7 heart rate tracker, bpm monitor, and live exercise monitors to quantify your fitness goals. Also there are some other fitness and activity trackers that monitor your heart and breathing rates together to determine stress and anxiety levels.

    Amount of data they provide
    Sleeping and steps taken by an individual are the most basic features offered by almost every fitness tracker you can find in the market. The tracker you choose to buy must be in lieu with the amount of data you need from it. For instance, some trackers can keep notes on your workout sessions, providing different notifications and guidelines for different forms of exercises like swimming, walking, cycling, etc. However, know that you will need to inform your tracker about your actions every time for the latter to work efficiently. For instance, you will need to tap the tracker a specific number of times to change it to the activity mode.

    Battery life
    Battery life plays an important role in determining the fitness tracker for your needs. Some fitness trackers need to be charged every few days, which may become problematic if you want your fitness regime tracked on a constant basis and find the device running out of charge in the middle of a workout. The more common trackers fit into two categories those that are charged via a USB cable every five or six days and those that use a cell battery, which provides a charge for a couple of months.

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  • Online reviews for choosing the right dishwasher

    We live in a modern world where almost everything that would be required for the household, especially various types of appliances, is available online. Some still prefer to shop for appliances from company showrooms and malls. However, the modern generation prefers online shopping for convenience, price comparison, and variety.

    Earlier, while shopping for any product, people used to rely on word-of-mouth publicity made by satisfied customers. In case of any expert advice required, they used to contact their known, knowledgeable people who would present their honest opinion about the product.

    Now, the word-of-mouth publicity regarding a product is replaced by customer reviews available online. Some customer reviews would be on the page that shows the technical details and usage description of the product. There are some other places where we can find latest and honest reviews regarding a variety of products in the same category. We can refer to dishwashers’ reviews online on forums where diversified customers share their experiences regarding the particular product range. These reviewers would also rate the products according to their personal findings.

    This can be one of the best ways to make the clever purchase decision. It would not be practically possible for a common customer to test all products that would be available in the market. Referring to these customer reviews one can optimize the price and features in a dishwasher and precisely decide the make and model of the dishwasher.

    Most recently published reviews would cover various models made by various brands. These reviews would speak about various parameters in the dishwashers:

    • Arrangement and flexibility of racks and trolley quality for loading soiled dishes.
    • Control provided on the dishwasher for setting the washing cycle and other parameters.
    • Noise made by the dishwasher during operation.
    • Cleaning performance by the particular dishwasher, determining the perfection of the detergent dispenser, water-heating elements, pump, spraying nozzles that spray water on the soiled dishes.
    • The drying operation that would tell about the air heaters deployed for drying the plates after two stages of washing and rinsing.
    • Loading capacity of the dishwasher rack that would indicate the number of soiled dishes and other utensils that can be loaded simultaneously.
    • Regarding the indicators that display the time and other parameters during washing operation that would assist the operator to be ready for taking out the load when the operation would be finished.

    Thus, almost every parameter that an aspirant buyer would look into when buying a new dishwasher would be covered in the review. The aspirant buyer can make the decision regarding the brand and model of the dishwasher according to the requirement and budget.

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  • What is a high risk business loan

    A high-risk business loan is extended to a business with poor or bad credit, if you are unable to supply the required collateral, or if you have an unclear idea about how to repay. It’s not impossible to avail a business loan in spite of poor credit; chances are traditional banks will not qualify your business for a loan.

    Your business loan could be termed as high risk also because your business is unusual, unconventional and the industry is labeled as high risk, high return’. Some of the high-risk industries are restaurants, construction companies, many seasonal and cyclical businesses. Most new and young companies are also considered high risk as they have not yet proven their sustainability.
    You are eligible to apply for a high-risk business loan if – despite bad credit and regardless of profit or loss, your company has shown consistent revenue.

    It is always good to know the following points as an entrepreneur:

    If your business loan is approved, chances are the interest rates will be on the higher side. The lender does this so that he can minimize his risk.
    Non-banks are the lenders who will give you a high-risk business loan, as conventional lenders prefer not to venture into non-traditional lending. Some of them base their approvals on a number of sales generated by your business as opposed to looking only into the FICO score.
    Look for lenders offering revenue based repayment process thereby allowing larger payments during high sales time and lower payments during slow sales time.
    Rebuilding your credit score is one of the best things that you can do to take your business to the next level.
    Online lenders are the current rage in high risk business loans segment. Their eligibility criteria is sparse. Look out for hidden clause and fees in the loan agreement.
    High risk businesses usually get slotted for a short term loan at a higher rate. A short term loan can help solidify your business’s finances, regardless of your credit score.
    Some non traditional lenders offer merchant cash advances instead of business loans. As opposed to making monthly repayments for a business loan, a percentage of your sales is repaid each month towards the cash advance. There is no interest rates for merchant cash advance loans. A factor rate is used by many lenders instead.

    There is a large network of lenders who are willing to offer business loans to high risk businesses, just keep in mind the above points before choosing one.

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  • Everything You Need to Know about SpeeDee Oil Change Coupons

    Coupons are a great way to save money. With the SpeeDee oil change coupon, you get more amazing deals and many promotional codes. These can help you get your vehicle serviced at rates that you would never expect otherwise. They help you in saving a lot of money and enable you to get the best service done on your car or bike. So where can you get these coupons? Well, we will tell you exactly where. But first, let’s talk a little about the company itself.

    SpeeDee Oil Change was established in 1980 in Metairie, Louisiana. At that time, there were very few service stations around the country and it was very tough for vehicle owners and drivers to get their vehicles serviced. SpeeDee Oil Change became a one-stop solution for all vehicle-related servicing and tune-up requirements. The reason why the brand has sustained its popularity over the years is that they ensure that the vehicle gives a smooth and hassle-free performance after the service.

    What are the hallmarks of Speedee Oil Change?

    In order to have loyal customers, the company provides customers with SpeeDee Oil Change coupons. These coupons are useful for both the company as well as the customers. For the company, they bring more customers to the store and improve sales. For customers, they help save a decent amount of money while servicing.

    SpeeDee Oil Change stores provide these coupons who meet certain criteria. All these coupons are regularly updated to provide the latest and best deals. The coupons also contain detailed shopping tips to the customers so that they can apply the coupons successfully. The SpeeDee Oil Change coupons must be used while checking out how to avail their benefits.

    Are there any special coupons?

    The coupon codes are designed to be used both in online stores and offline stores. Specialized coupons are usually printed and contain one or more redeeming features like online coupon codes, special deals, in-store coupon codes, printable coupons, promo codes etc. Customers can find the best coupon code for their requirement. There is a wide range of deals available and it is very easy to get the best deal out of them.

    SpeeDee Oil Change coupons bring the best bargains for their customers and help save a lot of money. These coupon codes provide various offers on oil change, auto service savings, tire rebates, shocks and struts repair. The discounts on top of affordable prices make your vehicle servicing more comfortable.

    Where can I use SpeeDee Oil Change coupons?

    The SpeeDee Oil Change coupons are printable as well and can also be used for online purchases. The promo codes present on the coupons can be used at checkout in the online store, the deduction in price will immediately reflect the total amount.

    The coupons are applicable for both sales and services. The customers can avail various coupons for sales and services with huge discounts. These coupons can be availed online also without dealing with the hassle of visiting the store. They are available in many online stores making it easy for the customers to get them.

    Should I get SpeeDee Oil Change coupons?

    A wise customer always looks out for ways to minimize expenses. With SpeeDee Oil Change coupons, there is no need for the customer to incur a heavy price on service. These coupons help customers get more discounts and have a great shopping experience. The longer the customer stays with SpeeDee Oil Change, the greater deals he/she avails.

    The coupons are regularly updated to bring the best deals for the customers and to ensure that they are getting more benefits from the coupons. They help the customers in saving great amounts of money. Customers can get best products at incredibly low prices. Use the SpeeDee Oil Change coupons and never miss an opportunity to save big.

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  • Some common and uncommon signs of schizophrenia that shouldn’t be ignored

    The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 24 million people suffer from schizophrenia. It often surfaces during late adolescence and the twenties, and men are more prone to it than women. The condition is usually attributed to significantly distressed personal or professional life. People with schizophrenia have an increased mortality risk due to chronic health issues. Thus, it is necessary to recognize its symptoms for proper diagnosis and cure. Some of these include

    Hallucinations

    This is one of the most commonly recognized symptoms of schizophrenia. A person is said to be hallucinating when they claim to see, hear, taste, or feel things that are not present in their real environment. Auditory hallucinations or hearing voices is the most common state of hallucinations. Those with this condition will claim that they hear voices inside their heads. These voices may comment on their behavior, make criticizing remark, or even communicate with the person. These hallucinations can happen even when a person is fully awake and is not inebriated.

    Delusions

    Delusions are regarded as beliefs that a schizophrenic person may possess that are difficult to comprehend and, at times, feel strange. There are different types of delusions that people may feel

    • Referential delusion: This is when a person believes that any public communication, be it a song or a news item, is meant exclusively to them.
    • Persecutory delusion: Patients will feel someone stalking, framing, or attempting to hurt them.
    • Somatic delusions: This makes patients believe that they suffer from unnatural health conditions.
    • Grandiose delusions happen when schizophrenia patients believe themselves to be prominent world figures such as renowned politicians or actors.

    Unusual Movements

    An uncommon symptom of schizophrenia, this leads to the patient making abrupt, silly, or childish movements. Since an objective/goal doesn’t direct their behaviour, the patient may be unable to control their body movements. Some examples of such unusual movements include assuming a bizarre posture, having a complete lack of response, or making excessive or disconnected movements.

    Disorganized Speech or Thinking

    Patients with schizophrenia often exhibit this symptom. Disorganized speech and thinking are interrelated and may lead to ineffective communication, especially in social settings. For instance, you may ask the patient a question and get a completely unrelated answer. Or, they may put together some unrelated words that are difficult to comprehend.

    Flat Emotions

    Another unusual symptom of schizophrenia is ‘flattening’ or flat emotions and expressions. The patient may have a flat-sounding voice or facial expressions. For instance, their facial expressions may not correlate with the discussions happening around them. They may also show little response to situations relating to a non-patient.

    Difficulty in Structuring Their Activities

    Schizophrenic people tend to have reduced executive functioning of the brain. This means that their cognitive abilities don’t permit them to structure activities. It is difficult for them to identify and execute the steps required to complete the task at hand in a particular order.

    Lack of Insight

    One of the most unusual symptoms of patients with schizophrenia is a lack of insight, commonly known as anosognosia. This means the patient will not be aware that they have a problem or illness. This is one of the main reasons why this condition is hard to diagnose and cure. Though often confused with being in denial, the patient is, in reality, incapable of recognizing the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. This often leads them to believe that they don’t require attention.

    Negative Symptoms

    These are some unusual symptoms of schizophrenia, meaning that certain standard behavior patterns are negated. When suffering from these symptoms, a patient may start neglecting personal hygiene. They may also appear to be lacking emotions, make no eye contact, or speak in a monotone. These people may also lose interest in routine, daily activities, withdraw socially, and are unable to experience pleasure in activities that used to interest them before.

    Since people diagnosed with schizophrenia often lack awareness regarding their symptoms, their family or friends need to know about the unusual and usual symptoms pertaining to the condition. If you think someone you know has any of these symptoms, talk to them and encourage them to seek professional help.

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